Migrate project artifacts to spec-kit format

- Move cross-cutting docs (personas, design system, implementation phases, Ideen.md) to .specify/memory/ - Move cross-cutting research and plans to .specify/memory/research/ and .specify/memory/plans/ - Extract 5 setup tasks from spec/setup-tasks.md into individual specs/001-005/spec.md files with spec-kit template format - Extract 20 user stories from spec/userstories.md into individual specs/006-026/spec.md files with spec-kit template format - Relocate feature-specific research and plan docs into specs/[feature]/ - Add spec-kit constitution, templates, scripts, and slash commands - Slim down CLAUDE.md to Claude-Code-specific config, delegate principles to .specify/memory/constitution.md - Update ralph.sh with stream-json output and per-iteration logging - Delete old spec/ and docs/agents/ directories - Gitignore Ralph iteration JSONL logs Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-03-06 20:19:41 +01:00
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+# Research: Modern Sans-Serif Fonts for Mobile-First PWA
+
+**Date:** 2026-03-04
+**Context:** Selecting a primary typeface for fete, a privacy-focused PWA for event announcements and RSVPs. The font must be open-source with permissive licensing, modern geometric/neo-grotesque style, excellent mobile readability, and strong weight range.
+
+---
+
+## Executive Summary
+
+Based on research of 9 candidate fonts, **6 meet all requirements** for self-hosting and redistribution under permissive licenses. Two do not qualify:
+
+- **General Sans**: Proprietary (ITF Free Font License, non-commercial personal use only)
+- **Satoshi**: License ambiguity; sources conflict between full OFL and ITF restrictions
+
+The remaining **6 fonts are fully open-source** and suitable for the project:
+
+| Font | License | Design | Weights | Status |
+|------|---------|--------|---------|--------|
+| Inter | OFL-1.1 | Neo-grotesque, humanist | 9 (Thin–Black) | ✅ Recommended |
+| Plus Jakarta Sans | OFL-1.1 | Geometric, modern | 7 (ExtraLight–ExtraBold) | ✅ Recommended |
+| Outfit | OFL-1.1 | Geometric | 9 (Thin–Black) | ✅ Recommended |
+| Space Grotesk | OFL-1.1 | Neo-grotesque, distinctive | 5 (Light–Bold) | ✅ Recommended |
+| Manrope | OFL-1.1 | Geometric, humanist | 7 (ExtraLight–ExtraBold) | ✅ Recommended |
+| DM Sans | OFL-1.1 | Geometric, low-contrast | 9 (Thin–Black) | ✅ Recommended |
+| Sora | OFL-1.1 | Geometric | 8 (Thin–ExtraBold) | ✅ Recommended |
+
+---
+
+## Detailed Candidate Analysis
+
+### 1. Inter
+
+**License:** SIL Open Font License 1.1 (OFL-1.1)
+
+**Download Location:**
+- **Official:** https://github.com/rsms/inter (releases page)
+- **NPM:** `inter-ui` package
+- **Homebrew:** `font-inter`
+- **Official CDN:** https://rsms.me/inter/inter.css
+
+**Design Character:** Neo-grotesque with humanist touches. High x-height for enhanced legibility on screens. Geometric letterforms with open apertures. Designed specifically for UI and on-screen use.
+
+**Available Weights:** 9 weights from Thin (100) to Black (900), each with italic variant. Also available as a variable font with weight axis.
+
+**Notable Apps/Products:**
+- **UX/Design tools:** Figma, Notion, Pixar Presto
+- **OS:** Elementary OS, GNOME
+- **Web:** GitLab, ISO, Mozilla, NASA
+- **Why:** Chosen by product teams valuing clarity and modern minimalism; default choice for UI designers
+
+**Mobile Suitability:** Excellent. Specifically engineered for screen readability with high x-height and open apertures. Performs well at 14–16px body text.
+
+**Distinctive Strengths:**
+- Purpose-built for digital interfaces
+- Exceptional clarity in dense UI layouts
+- Strong brand identity (recognizable across tech products)
+- Extensive OpenType features
+
+**Weakness:** Very widely used; less distinctive for a bold brand identity. Considered the "safe" choice.
+
+---
+
+### 2. Plus Jakarta Sans
+
+**License:** SIL Open Font License 1.1 (OFL-1.1)
+
+**Download Location:**
+- **Official Repository:** https://github.com/tokotype/PlusJakartaSans
+- **Source Files:** `sources/`, compiled fonts in `fonts/` directory
+- **Designer Contact:** mail@tokotype.com (Gumpita Rahayu, Tokotype)
+- **Latest Version:** 2.7.1 (May 2023)
+- **Build Command:** `gftools builder sources/builder.yaml`
+
+**Design Character:** Geometric sans-serif with modern, clean-cut forms. Inspired by Neuzeit Grotesk and Futura but with contemporary refinement. Slightly taller x-height for clear spacing between caps and lowercase. Open counters and balanced spacing for legibility across sizes. **Bold, distinctive look** with personality.
+
+**Available Weights:** 7 weights from ExtraLight (200) to ExtraBold (800), with matching italics.
+
+**Notable Apps/Products:**
+- Original commission: Jakarta Provincial Government's "+Jakarta City of Collaboration" program (2020)
+- Now widely used in: Branding projects, modern web design, UI design
+- **Why:** Chosen for fresh, contemporary feel without generic blandness
+
+**Mobile Suitability:** Excellent. Designed with mobile UI in mind. Clean letterforms render crisply on small screens.
+
+**Distinctive Strengths:**
+- **Stylistic sets:** Sharp, Straight, and Swirl variants add design flexibility
+- Modern geometric with Indonesian design heritage (unique perspective)
+- Excellent for branding (not generic like Inter)
+- OpenType features for sophisticated typography
+- Well-maintained, active development
+
+**Weakness:** Less ubiquitous than Inter; smaller ecosystem of design tool integrations.
+
+---
+
+### 3. Outfit
+
+**License:** SIL Open Font License 1.1 (OFL-1.1)
+
+**Download Location:**
+- **Official Repository:** https://github.com/Outfitio/Outfit-Fonts
+- **Fonts Directory:** `/fonts` in repository
+- **OFL Text:** `OFL.txt` in repository
+- **Designer:** Rodrigo Fuenzalida (originally for Outfit.io)
+- **Status:** Repository archived Feb 25, 2025 (read-only, downloads remain accessible)
+
+**Design Character:** Geometric sans-serif with warm, friendly appearance. Generous x-height, balanced spacing, low contrast. Nine static weights plus variable font with weight axis.
+
+**Available Weights:** 9 weights from Thin (100) to Black (900). No italics.
+
+**Notable Apps/Products:**
+- Originally created for Outfit.io platform
+- Good readability for body text (≈16px) and strong headline presence
+- Used in design tools (Figma integration)
+
+**Mobile Suitability:** Good. Geometric forms and generous spacing work well on mobile, though low contrast may require careful pairing with sufficient color contrast.
+
+**Distinctive Strengths:**
+- Full weight range (Thin–Black)
+- Variable font option for granular weight control
+- Stylistic alternates and rare ligatures
+- Accessible character set
+
+**Weakness:** Archived repository; no active development. Low contrast design requires careful color/contrast pairing for accessibility.
+
+---
+
+### 4. Space Grotesk
+
+**License:** SIL Open Font License 1.1 (OFL-1.1)
+
+**Download Location:**
+- **Official Repository:** https://github.com/floriankarsten/space-grotesk
+- **Official Site:** https://fonts.floriankarsten.com/space-grotesk
+- **Designer:** Florian Karsten
+- **Variants:** Variable font with weight axis
+
+**Design Character:** Neo-grotesque with distinctive personality. Proportional variant of Space Mono (Colophon Foundry, 2016). Retains Space Mono's idiosyncratic details while optimizing for improved readability. Bold, tech-forward aesthetic with monowidth heritage visible in character design.
+
+**Available Weights:** 5 weights—Light (300), Regular (400), Medium (500), SemiBold (600), Bold (700). No italics.
+
+**Notable Apps/Products:**
+- Modern tech companies and startups seeking distinctive branding
+- Popular in neo-brutalist web design
+- Good for headlines and display use
+
+**Mobile Suitability:** Good. Clean proportional forms with distinctive character. Works well for headlines; body text at 14px+ is readable.
+
+**Distinctive Strengths:**
+- **Bold, tech-forward personality** — immediately recognizable
+- Heritage from Space Mono adds character without looking dated
+- Excellent OpenType support (old-style figures, tabular figures, superscript, subscript, fractions, stylistic alternates)
+- **Supports extended language coverage:** Latin, Vietnamese, Pinyin, Central/South-Eastern European
+
+**Weakness:** Only 5 weights (lightest is 300, no Thin). Fewer weight options than Inter or DM Sans.
+
+---
+
+### 5. Manrope
+
+**License:** SIL Open Font License 1.1 (OFL-1.1)
+
+**Download Location:**
+- **Official Repository:** https://github.com/sharanda/manrope
+- **Designer:** Mikhail Sharanda (2018), converted to variable by Mirko Velimirovic (2019)
+- **Alternative Sources:** Multiple community forks on GitHub, npm packages
+- **NPM Package:** `@fontsource/manrope`, `@fontsource-variable/manrope`
+
+**Design Character:** Modern geometric sans-serif blending geometric shapes with humanistic elements. Semi-condensed structure with clean, contemporary feel. Geometric digits, packed with OpenType features.
+
+**Available Weights:** 7 weights from ExtraLight (200) to ExtraBold (800). Available as variable font.
+
+**Notable Apps/Products:**
+- Widely used in modern design systems
+- Popular in product/SaaS design
+- Good for both UI and branding
+
+**Mobile Suitability:** Excellent. Clean geometric design with humanistic touches; balanced proportions work well on mobile.
+
+**Distinctive Strengths:**
+- Geometric + humanistic blend (best of both worlds)
+- Well-maintained active project
+- Variable font available
+- Strong design community around the font
+
+**Weakness:** None significant; solid all-around choice.
+
+---
+
+### 6. DM Sans
+
+**License:** SIL Open Font License 1.1 (OFL-1.1)
+
+**Download Location:**
+- **Official Repository:** https://github.com/googlefonts/dm-fonts
+- **Releases Page:** https://github.com/googlefonts/dm-fonts/releases
+- **Google Fonts:** https://fonts.google.com/specimen/DM+Sans
+- **Design:** Commissioned from Colophon Foundry; Creative Direction: MultiAdaptor & DeepMind
+
+**Design Character:** Low-contrast geometric sans-serif optimized for text at smaller sizes. Part of the DM suite (DM Sans, DM Serif Text, DM Serif Display). Designed for clarity and efficiency in dense typography.
+
+**Available Weights:** 9 weights from Thin (100) to Black (900), each with italic variant.
+
+**Notable Apps/Products:**
+- DeepMind products (by commission)
+- Tech companies favoring geometric clarity
+- Professional and commercial products requiring text legibility
+
+**Mobile Suitability:** Excellent. Specifically optimized for small text sizes; low contrast minimizes visual noise on mobile screens.
+
+**Distinctive Strengths:**
+- **Optimized for small text** — superior at 12–14px
+- Full weight range (Thin–Black)
+- Active Google Fonts maintenance
+- Italic variants (unlike Outfit or Space Grotesk)
+- Commissioned by reputable team (DeepMind)
+
+**Weakness:** Low contrast may feel less bold on headlines without careful sizing/weight adjustment.
+
+---
+
+### 7. Sora
+
+**License:** SIL Open Font License 1.1 (OFL-1.1)
+
+**Download Location:**
+- **Official Repository:** https://github.com/sora-xor/sora-font
+- **GitHub Releases:** Direct TTF/OTF downloads available
+- **NPM Packages:** `@fontsource/sora`, `@fontsource-variable/sora`
+- **Original Purpose:** Custom typeface for SORA decentralized autonomous economy
+
+**Design Character:** Geometric sans-serif with contemporary, clean aesthetic. Available as both static fonts and variable font. Designed as a branding solution for decentralized systems.
+
+**Available Weights:** 8 weights from Thin (100) to ExtraBold (800), each with italic variant. Variable font available.
+
+**Notable Apps/Products:**
+- Sora (XOR) decentralized projects
+- Crypto/blockchain projects using modern typography
+- Web3 products seeking distinctive branding
+
+**Mobile Suitability:** Good. Clean geometric forms render well on mobile; italics available for emphasis.
+
+**Distinctive Strengths:**
+- Full weight range with italics
+- Variable font option
+- Designed for digital-first branding
+- GitHub-native distribution
+
+**Weakness:** Less established than Inter or DM Sans in mainstream product design; smaller ecosystem.
+
+---
+
+## Rejected Candidates
+
+### General Sans
+
+**Status:** ❌ Does not meet licensing requirements
+
+**License:** ITF Free Font License (proprietary, non-commercial personal use only)
+
+**Why Rejected:** This is a **paid commercial font** distributed by the Indian Type Foundry (not open-source). The ITF Free Font License permits personal use only; commercial use requires a separate paid license. Does not meet the "open-source with permissive license" requirement.
+
+**Designer:** Frode Helland (published by Indian Type Foundry)
+
+---
+
+### Satoshi
+
+**Status:** ⚠️ License ambiguity — conflicting sources
+
+**Documented License:**
+- Some sources claim SIL Open Font License (OFL-1.1)
+- Other sources indicate ITF Free Font License (personal use only) similar to General Sans
+
+**Design:** Swiss-style modernist sans-serif (Light to Black, 5–10 weights)
+
+**Download:** Fontshare (Indian Type Foundry's free font service)
+
+**Why Not Recommended:** The license status is unclear. While Fontshare advertises "free for personal and commercial use," the font's origin (Indian Type Foundry) and conflicting license documentation create uncertainty. For a privacy-focused project with clear open-source requirements, Satoshi's ambiguous licensing creates unnecessary legal risk. Better alternatives with unambiguous OFL-1.1 licensing are available.
+
+**Recommendation:** If clarity is needed, contact Fontshare/ITF directly. For now, exclude from consideration to reduce licensing complexity.
+
+---
+
+## Comparative Table: Qualified Fonts
+
+| Metric | Inter | Plus Jakarta Sans | Outfit | Space Grotesk | Manrope | DM Sans | Sora |
+|--------|-------|-------------------|--------|---------------|---------|---------|------|
+| **License** | OFL-1.1 | OFL-1.1 | OFL-1.1 | OFL-1.1 | OFL-1.1 | OFL-1.1 | OFL-1.1 |
+| **Weights** | 9 | 7 | 9 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 8 |
+| **Italics** | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ❌ No | ❌ No | ❌ No | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes |
+| **Variable Font** | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes |
+| **Design** | Neo-grotesque | Geometric | Geometric | Neo-grotesque | Geo + Humanist | Geometric | Geometric |
+| **Personality** | Generic/Safe | Bold/Fresh | Warm/Friendly | Tech-Forward | Balanced | Efficient/Clean | Contemporary |
+| **Mobile Text** | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ | ⭐⭐⭐⭐ |
+| **Distinctiveness** | Low | High | Medium | High | High | Medium | Medium |
+| **Ecosystem** | Very Large | Growing | Medium | Growing | Growing | Large | Small |
+| **Active Dev** | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ❌ Archived | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes | ✅ Yes |
+
+---
+
+## Recommendations
+
+### For Bold App-Native Branding
+
+**Primary Choice: Plus Jakarta Sans**
+
+**Rationale:**
+- Fully open-source (OFL-1.1) with unambiguous licensing
+- Bold, modern geometric aesthetic suitable for app branding
+- Stylistic sets (Sharp, Straight, Swirl) provide design flexibility
+- Well-maintained by Tokotype with clear development history
+- Strong presence in modern UI/web design
+- Excellent mobile readability with thoughtful character spacing
+- Indonesian design heritage adds unique perspective (not generic)
+
+**Alternative: Space Grotesk**
+
+If you prefer **even more distinctive character:**
+- Neo-grotesque with tech-forward personality
+- Smaller weight range (5 weights) but strong identity
+- Popular in contemporary design circles
+- Good for headlines; pair with a more neutral font for body text if needed
+
+---
+
+### For Safe, Professional UI
+
+**Primary Choice: Inter or DM Sans**
+
+**Inter if:**
+- Maximum ecosystem and tool support desired
+- Designing for broad recognition and trust
+- Team already familiar with Inter (widespread in tech)
+
+**DM Sans if:**
+- Emphasis on small text legibility (optimized for 12–14px)
+- Prefer italic variants
+- Want active maintenance from Google Fonts community
+
+---
+
+### For Balanced Approach
+
+**Manrope**
+
+- Geometric + humanistic blend (versatile)
+- Excellent mobile performance
+- Strong weight range (7 weights)
+- Underrated choice; often overlooked for bolder options but delivers polish
+
+---
+
+## Implementation Notes for Self-Hosting
+
+All recommended fonts can be self-hosted:
+
+1. **Download:** Clone repository or download from releases page
+2. **Generate Web Formats:** Use FontForge, FontTools, or online converters to generate WOFF2 (required for modern browsers)
+3. **CSS:** Include via `@font-face` with local file paths
+4. **License:** Include `LICENSE.txt` or `OFL.txt` in the distribution
+
+Example self-hosted CSS:
+```css
+@font-face {
+  font-family: 'Plus Jakarta Sans';
+  src: url('/fonts/PlusJakartaSans-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
+  font-weight: 400;
+  font-display: swap;
+}
+```
+
+---
+
+## Privacy Considerations
+
+All selected fonts are self-hosted open-source projects with no telemetry, no external CDN dependencies, and no tracking. Fully compliant with the project's privacy-first principles.
+
+---
+
+## Conclusion
+
+**Inter, Plus Jakarta Sans, and Space Grotesk** are the strongest candidates. The choice depends on brand positioning:
+
+- **Generic + Safe → Inter**
+- **Bold + Modern → Plus Jakarta Sans**
+- **Tech-Forward + Distinctive → Space Grotesk**
+
+All seven recommended fonts meet the strict licensing, openness, mobile readability, and weight-range requirements. Any of them are viable; the decision is primarily aesthetic.
+
+---
+
+## Sources
+
+- [Inter Font GitHub Repository](https://github.com/rsms/inter)
+- [Plus Jakarta Sans GitHub Repository](https://github.com/tokotype/PlusJakartaSans)
+- [Outfit Fonts GitHub Repository](https://github.com/Outfitio/Outfit-Fonts)
+- [Space Grotesk GitHub Repository](https://github.com/floriankarsten/space-grotesk)
+- [Manrope GitHub Repository](https://github.com/sharanda/manrope)
+- [DM Fonts GitHub Repository](https://github.com/googlefonts/dm-fonts)
+- [Sora Font GitHub Repository](https://github.com/sora-xor/sora-font)
+- [SIL Open Font License](https://openfontlicense.org/)
+- [Google Fonts (reference)](https://fonts.google.com)
+- [Fontshare (reference)](https://www.fontshare.com)